The LFD option is based on the assumptions outlined in Article 8.16 THE SLD option is based on assumptions outlined in Article 8.15 of the code. STEEL REINFORCEMENT requirements are calculated at 5 locations: backwall at the seat level, stem at top of footing, top of footing, bottom of footing on the heel side, and bottom of footing on the toe side. for spread footings, WinABUD considers uplift and calculates a line of zero pressure (neutral axis), in addition to computing factors-of-safety for sliding and overturning. THE FOOTING is assumed to be infinitely rigid and the pile loads and footing pressures are calculated from static equations of equilibrium. The group loads are divided into separate load cases. The abutment is investigated for several group loads. Service load Design (SLD) or Load Factor Design (LFD) specifications may be used. The abutment may be a spread footing (with optional key) or multiple pile footing. WinABUD designs or checks a reinforced concrete abutment using the 1996 AASHTO with Interims and Revisions by Caltrans."(the code) of the California Department of Transportation.
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